Raw hydrocarbon desulfurization |
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Catalysts for hydrogenation of organic sulphur compounds
Catalysts: PKH-3, PKH-3/1
Application
The PKH-3 nickel-molybdenum and PKH-3/1 cobalt-molybdenum catalysts are designed for the hydrogenation of the organic sulfur compounds contained in natural gas. The catalytic hydrogenation of the sulfur compounds present in hydrocarbon feedstocks is an initial step of the desulfurization process and is necessary when sulfur occurs in the form of stable sulfur compounds which are not subject to the hydrogenation in the conditions of a hydrogen sulfide sorption.
The aim of hydrogenation is to process of the organic sulfur compounds into hydrogen sulfide which can be quantitatively separated from the gas by the absorption on a zinc sorbent.
Both catalysts can be applied for the process of hydrodesulfurization interchangeably however PKH-3 is especially recommended for the process when feedstock contains higher amounts of carbon oxides. A relatively low activity of the catalyst in a sulfated form for the carbon oxides methanation reduces the risk of an excessive temperature rise.
Characteristics
Physicochemical properties
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PKH-3 |
PKH-3/1 |
| Chemical composition, wt. % |
- NiO - min. 3
- MoO3 - min. 12
- Al2O3 - balance
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- СоO - min. 3
- MoO3 - min. 12
- Al2O3 - balance
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| Form |
extrudate |
| Dimensions (d x l), mm |
2,5-3 x 7÷11 |
| Bulk density, kg/dm3 |
0.75 ± 0.1 |
| Mechanical strength, daN/extrudate |
min. 3 |
| Abrasion, wt. % |
max. 2 |
Operating parameters
| Temperature, °C |
200 ÷ 450 |
| Pressure, bar |
up to 40 |
| Hydrogen concentration of the gas, mol % |
2-10 (depending on feedstock composition) |
Sorbent PSC
Application
The PSC zinc sorbent is designed for the removal of hydrogen sulfide and reactive organic sulfur compounds such as mercaptans and bisulfides from the natural gas, refinery gas, naphta, and other hydrocarbon feedstocks used for the manufacture of hydrogen and the synthesis gases in ammonia and methanol production plants.
The PSC sorbent is applied in the desulfurization system separately or along with a hydrogenation catalyst used for the conversion of stable compounds of sulfur to hydrocarbons and hydrogen sulfide.
Characteristics
The PSC sorbent is delivered to a customer as hydrozincite. The sorbent gains its highest absorption capacity in the process of decarbonization which forms an extended surface area and increases its porosity. The sorbent decarbonization is effected in commercial absorbers by a gradual heating up to a temperature of 300°C with the stream of natural gas or nitrogen.
Physicochemical properties
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sorbent before decarbonization |
sorbent after decarbonization |
| Chemical composition, wt. % |
ZnO+Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6: 100 |
ZnO: 100 |
| Form |
tablets |
| Dimensions (d x h), mm |
8 x 4, 5 x 5 |
| Bulk density, kg/dm3 |
1.4 ± 0.1 |
1.1 ± 0.1 |
| Axial mechanical strength, daN/cm2 |
min. 400 |
min. 150 |
| Sorption capacity, kg S/m3 |
420 |
Operating parameters
| Temperature, °C |
200 ÷ 400 |
| Pressure |
any value |
| Space velocity, h-1 |
generally max. 2000 |
Sorbent PSMC
Application
The PSMC copper-zinc sorbent is designed for the deep desulfurization process of the hydrocarbon feedstocks used for the production of synthesis gases in hydrogen, ammonia, and methanol plants. The copper-zinc sorbent acts both as a catalyst for the hydrogenation of organic sulfur compound and as a hydrogen sulfide sorbent in a desulfurization system.
The PSMC sorbent is used as the make-up of a zinc sorbent in the desulfurization system to eliminate the possibility for residual sulfur compounds to get out of the system when:
- the desulfurization system does not contain the catalyst for the hydrogenation of organic sulfur compound
- the sulfur compounds concentration of the feed is to low to keep the hydrogenation catalyst in active sulfided form and at the same time high enough to reduce the activity of reforming catalysts and shift conversion catalysts.
Characteristics
Physicochemical properties
| Chemical composition, wt. % |
- CuO - min. 30
- ZnO - min. 40
- Al2O3 - balance
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| Form |
tablets |
| Dimensions (dxh), mm |
8 х 4, 5 х 4 |
| Bulk density, kg/dm3 |
1.35±0.2 |
| Mechanical strength (axially), daN/cm2 |
min. 200 |
Operating parameters
| Temperature, °C |
180 ÷ 240 |
| Pressure, bar |
up to 40 |
| Gas space velocity, h-1 |
generally max. 2000 |
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