Catalysts: TMC-3/1, TMC-3/1-K, TMC-3/1-KC
Application
The TMC-3/1, TMC-3/1-K, and TMC-3/1-KC catalysts are designed for the low-temperature shift conversion in the process of hydrogen and ammonia synthesis gas production.
Characteristics
The main components of the TMC-3/1, TMC-3/1-K and TMC- 3/1-KC catalysts are CuO, ZnO and Al2O3. An active component of the catalysts after their reduction is copper. Alumina is a structural promoter of the catalysts. Zinc oxide increases the catalysts` resistance against poisoning by sulfur and chlorine compounds. The TMC-3/1-K catalyst is promoted with potassium. The TMC-3/1-KC catalyst is promoted with potassium and cesium. Potassium increases the selectivity of the catalysts and their resistance to poisoning by chlorine compounds. Cesium additionally enhances the catalysts selectivity and activity. The catalysts are delivered in oxidized form. The active form of the catalysts is formed at the time of reduction CuO to Cu carried out in a commercial shift converter.
Physicochemical properties
| Catalyst |
TMC-3/1 |
TMC-3/1 |
TMC-3/1-KC |
| chemical composition, wt. % |
- CuO min. 44
- ZnO min. 22
- Al2O3 balance
|
- CuO min. 44
- ZnO min. 22
- Al2O3 balance
- K as promoter
|
- CuO min. 44
- ZnO min. 22
- Al2O3 balance
- K and Cs as promoters
|
| form |
tablets |
| dimensions (d x h), mm |
4.5 x 3.5 |
| bulk density, kg/dm3 |
1.3±0.1 |
| axial mechanical strength, daN/cm2 |
min. 400 |
Operating parameters
| temperature, °C |
180 ÷ 280 |
| pressure, bar |
up to 40 |
| H2O/dry gas mole ratio |
min. 0.5 |
Catalyst TZC-3/1
Application
The TZC-3/1 catalyst is designed for the high temperature shift conversion in the process of hydrogen and ammonia synthesis gas production.
Characteristics
The TZC-3/1 iron-chromium-copper catalyst is the catalyst of co-precipitated type. The main component of the catalyst in its unreduced form is iron(III) oxide. Chromium(III) oxide is a stabilizer and promoter of the catalyst. Copper(II) oxide enhances the catalyst selectivity and, to some extent, its activity. The catalyst is produced in the form of tablets with flat or convexed ends. TZC-3/1 catalyst is delivered in an oxidized form. An active form of the catalyst comprising Fe3O4, Cr2O3 and CuO is formed as the result of the reduction carried out in a commercial shift converters.
Physicochemical properties
| chemical composition, wt. % |
- Fe2O3 min. 71.5
- Cr2O3 min. 7.3
- CuO min. 1.25
- S max. 0.015
|
| abrasion resistance, % |
> 97 |
| form |
tablets of convexed ends1/ |
| dimensions (D x H), mm |
6 x 6 |
| bulk density, kg/dm3 |
1.25 ± 0.1 |
| radial mechanical strength, daN/pellet |
min. 12 |
| axial mechanical strength, daN/cm2 |
min. 400 |
| 1/ - also tablets of flat ends, and other dimensions at request |
Operating parameters
| temperature, °C |
300 ÷ 500 |
| temperature, °C |
up to 70 |
| steam/dry gas mole ratio |
> 0.5 |
| gas space velocity, h-1 |
generally ≤ 4000 |
|